Items filtered by date: June 2025

Tophi are firm, swollen deposits that form under the skin when uric acid crystals collect around joints, most commonly in the feet, ankles, or toes. These growths develop over time in people with long-standing gout, a condition in which uric acid builds up in the blood and forms sharp crystals in the joints. The most common locations for tophi are the big toe joint, the heel, and the Achilles tendon. Factors that contribute to tophi buildup include persistent high uric acid levels, delayed treatment, and repeated gout attacks. In the early stages of gout, tophi are not usually present. However, if gout progresses over many years without proper care, these deposits may develop and begin to interfere with joint movement, causing pain and stiffness. In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove large tophi that restrict mobility or damage surrounding tissue. If you have symptoms of tophi buildup associated with gout, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam and appropriate treatment options.

Gout is a painful condition that can be treated. If you are seeking treatment, contact one of our podiatrists from Princeton Foot and Ankle Associates. Our doctors will treat your foot and ankle needs.

What Is Gout?

Gout is a form of arthritis that is characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain, redness, and tenderness in the joints. The condition usually affects the joint at the base of the big toe. A gout attack can occur at any random time, such as the middle of the night while you are asleep.

Symptoms

• Intense Joint Pain - Usually around the large joint of your big toe, and it most severe within the first four to twelve hours
• Lingering Discomfort - Joint discomfort may last from a few days to a few weeks
• Inflammation and Redness -Affected joints may become swollen, tender, warm and red
• Limited Range of Motion - May experience a decrease in joint mobility

Risk Factors

• Genetics - If family members have gout, you’re more likely to have it
• Medications - Diuretic medications can raise uric acid levels
• Gender/Age - Gout is more common in men until the age of 60. It is believed that estrogen protects women until that point
• Diet - Eating red meat and shellfish increases your risk
• Alcohol - Having more than two alcoholic drinks per day increases your risk
• Obesity - Obese people are at a higher risk for gout

Prior to visiting your podiatrist to receive treatment for gout, there are a few things you should do beforehand. If you have gout you should write down your symptoms--including when they started and how often you experience them, important medical information you may have, and any questions you may have. Writing down these three things will help your podiatrist in assessing your specific situation so that he or she may provide the best route of treatment for you.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Princeton, and West Windsor, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Diabetic patients often face foot problems due to poor circulation and nerve damage, which may lead to numbness, tingling, or loss of feeling in the feet. This nerve damage, known as diabetic neuropathy, makes it harder to detect injuries like blisters, cuts, or pressure sores. Even small wounds can develop into serious infections if left untreated, especially when blood flow is reduced. In some cases, infections may become so severe that surgery is needed to remove affected tissue. Diabetes can also lead to structural foot changes, including Charcot’s foot, where weakened bones shift or break, resulting in deformity. If deformities occur, shoes may not fit properly, increasing the risk of skin breakdown. Regular evaluation by a podiatrist is important to monitor circulation, detect changes in foot structure, and prevent ulcers. A podiatrist can also provide appropriate footwear, custom inserts, or surgical correction, if needed. If you have foot pain that may be related to diabetes, it is suggested that you schedule regular appointments with  a podiatrist for ongoing foot care.

Diabetic foot care is important in preventing foot ailments such as ulcers. If you are suffering from diabetes or have any other concerns about your feet, contact one of our podiatrists from Princeton Foot and Ankle Associates. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Diabetic Foot Care

Diabetes affects millions of people every year. The condition can damage blood vessels in many parts of the body, especially the feet. Because of this, taking care of your feet is essential if you have diabetes, and having a podiatrist help monitor your foot health is highly recommended.

The Importance of Caring for Your Feet

• Routinely inspect your feet for bruises or sores.
• Wear socks that fit your feet comfortably.
• Wear comfortable shoes that provide adequate support.

Patients with diabetes should have their doctor monitor their blood levels, as blood sugar levels play such a huge role in diabetic care. Monitoring these levels on a regular basis is highly advised.

It is always best to inform your healthcare professional of any concerns you may have regarding your feet, especially for diabetic patients. Early treatment and routine foot examinations are keys to maintaining proper health, especially because severe complications can arise if proper treatment is not applied.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Princeton, and West Windsor, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Plantar fasciitis causes pain in the heel and bottom of the foot. It occurs when the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that supports the arch, becomes inflamed or irritated. Causes include repetitive strain, long periods of standing, improper footwear, or sudden increases in activity. Symptoms often begin with sharp heel pain, especially with the first steps in the morning or after rest. Risk factors include high arches, flat feet, obesity, and tight calf muscles. A podiatrist can diagnose plantar fasciitis through examination and recommend treatments, such as stretching exercises, footwear changes, orthotics, or other therapies to relieve pain, improve function, and prevent further injury. If you have heel pain, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can accurately diagnose the problem and offer effective treatment solutions.

Plantar fasciitis can be very painful and inconvenient. If you are experiencing heel pain or symptoms of plantar fasciitis, contact one of our podiatrists  from Princeton Foot and Ankle Associates. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Is Plantar Fasciitis?

Plantar fasciitis is the inflammation of the thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of your foot, known as the plantar fascia, and causes mild to severe heel pain.

What Causes Plantar Fasciitis?

• Excessive running
• Non-supportive shoes
• Overpronation
• Repeated stretching and tearing of the plantar fascia

How Can It Be Treated?

• Conservative measures – anti-inflammatories, ice packs, stretching exercises, physical therapy, orthotic devices
• Shockwave therapy – sound waves are sent to the affected area to facilitate healing and are usually used for chronic cases of plantar fasciitis
• Surgery – usually only used as a last resort when all else fails. The plantar fascia can be surgically detached from the heel

While very treatable, plantar fasciitis is definitely not something that should be ignored. Especially in severe cases, speaking to your doctor right away is highly recommended to avoid complications and severe heel pain. Your podiatrist can work with you to provide the appropriate treatment options tailored to your condition.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Princeton, and West Windsor, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Toe cramps are sudden, involuntary muscle contractions that can cause sharp pain and temporary stiffness. These cramps may last a few seconds or several minutes and often occur during rest or activity. Common causes include tight or weak foot muscles, exposure to cold temperatures, dehydration, older age, improper footwear, and underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or circulation issues. These factors can lead to muscle fatigue, poor blood flow, or nerve irritation. A podiatrist can help identify the root cause through a detailed examination. Treatment options include stretching exercises, footwear changes, hydration advice, and custom orthotics. If you have frequent toe cramps, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist to relieve discomfort and improve foot function with expert care.

Toe pain can disrupt your daily activities. If you have any concerns, contact one of our podiatrists of Princeton Foot and Ankle Associates. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Causes Toe Pain?

Most severe toe pain is caused due to a sports injury, trauma from dropping something heavy on the toe, or bumping into something rigid. Other problems can develop over time for various reasons.

Toe pain can be caused by one or more ailments. The most common include:

• Trauma
• Sports injury
• Wearing shoes that are too tight
• Arthritis
• Gout
• Corns and calluses
• Hammertoe
• Bunions
• Blisters
• Ingrown toenails
• Sprains
• Fractures (broken bones)
• Dislocations

When to See a Podiatrist

• Severe pain
• Persistent pain that lasts more than a week
• Signs of infection
• Continued swelling
• Pain that prevents walking

Diagnosis

In many cases the cause of toe pain is obvious, but in others, a podiatrist may want to use more advanced methods to determine the problem. These can range from simple visual inspections and sensation tests to X-rays and MRI scans. Prior medical history, family medical history, and any recent physical traumatic events will all be taken into consideration for a proper diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatments for toe pain and injuries vary and may include shoe inserts, padding, taping, medicines, injections, and in some cases, surgery. If you believe that you have broken a toe, please see a podiatrist as soon as possible.

If you have any questions please contact our offices located in Princeton, and West Windsor, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.